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Qainar Journal of Social Science

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Vol 2, No 1 (2023)
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6-22 2876
Abstract

The aim of the article was to thoroughly analyze the current state of the economy of the regions of the Republic of Kazakhstan and identify problems hindering the intensive development of individual regions and develop recommendations and proposals to overcome them. To achieve this goal, the following indicators were selected: 1) the growth rate of the gross regional product; 2) the growth rate of gross regional product per capita; 3) grouping of regions by the growth rate of GRP per capita; 4) gross value added per employed employee; 5) the share of gross regional product in the GDP of the Republic of Kazakhstan; 6) the rate of income growth of the population. The research was carried out using the following methods: economic analysis and synthesis, statistical-economic, computational-constructive and economic interpretation of statistical data. The primary statistical data have been processed and their final values are presented in tabular form, the grouping of indicators has been carried out and the necessary economic generalizations have been made. The information base of the research was compiled by the data of the "Bureau of National Statistics", the Agency for Strategic Planning and Reforms of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The regions of the Republic of Kazakhstan are classified into groups depending on the growth rate of gross value added, the specific weights of individual regions in the structure of the gross domestic product of the Republic of Kazakhstan are calculated, in order to rank regions by their contribution to the GDP of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The economic factors constraining the development of the economy of individual regions are identified and proposals are given to overcome these barriers. Thus, for the intensive development of both lagging and average regions, it is recommended to improve intersectoral and interregional economic ties between them. In this regard, the problem of insufficient development of industries engaged in harvesting, storage and processing of agricultural products is particularly acute. This issue is especially relevant for the southern and southeastern regions of the country. It is recommended to invest more material, technical and financial resources in the sphere of transportation, storage and processing of the agro-industrial complex.

23-36 306
Abstract

The country's food security is an important component of the national security system and, as such, characterizes the economic stability and political independence of the state, its ability to provide for the elementary primary needs of its citizens without prejudice to national state interests. The purpose of the study based on factor analysis is to provide the state of the food market and justify the economic opportunities for ensuring food security in Kazakhstan. Food supply of the population remains an urgent problem of the socio-economic development of the regions of Kazakhstan, since it must guarantee the population food independence, the availability of food from domestic sources at scientifically sound standards, affordable prices and the amount necessary to ensure normal life. Analyzing the state of the food market and choosing among them the most optimal for providing the population with food products and making effective management decisions is an important tasks in creating a strategy for ensuring the country's food security. Scientific research was carried out on the basis of the AEC management sectors using statistical materials (statistical data of the Republic of Kazakhstan), and general scientific and private research methods. Based on the comparative Bureau of the National ASPR RK analysis, the main trends in the development of food security in Kazakhstan were identified. In this research work, predictive methods were also used to determine the prospects for the development of food security in Kazakhstan. The study presents the results of the consumption of certain types of agricultural products per capita. The national norms of food consumption were compared with the physiological norms of consumption, and the regional aspect of average per capita consumption was considered in terms of the minimum and maximum volume of consumption. Considering the specialization of the regions, the existing territorial organization of the agro-industrial complex, the optimization of raw material zones of processing enterprises, the emerging shifts in food self-sufficiency, a positive trend in food consumption in the present and future is given. This article provides recommendations for ensuring safe and quality food security.

37-54 193
Abstract

This article examines the economic food security of the country implies a complex, as well as a multifactorial concept, which implies a material base for the development of absolutely all other parts of state security. The provision of economic security is considered one of the key problems of the country's work, thus, as well as the appearance of numerous socio-economic difficulties in the country, in the main, is caused at the same time by the fact that the government does not develop preventive events in any way or does not fulfill them in time. The government must guarantee a reliable level of security in order to form the obligations of the internal market for the food security of the world, as well as the external stability necessary for the standard functioning of the state economy, the intensive role of the country in the international economy and increasing the competitiveness of interstate. The research methodology is based on econometric, analytical and statistical methods of analysis. The value of the research is the development of a management model for innovation processes, which will contribute to the analysis of the data obtained during research on projects proposed for investment in agriculture. The results of the study show that the innovative position of the agricultural field in the world is characterized by a significant variation in manufacturing according to years, the dominance of outdated scientific and technical structures, a low degree of productivity, as well as the unstable economic location of many agricultural producers. One with the required circumstances of the exit of economic entities of the agricultural section to a high-quality other degree of management is considered to be the creation and implementation of innovative modifications of their formation. Undoubtedly, the effectiveness of the implementation of such modifications will depend on their complexity and the level of coverage of absolutely all components that characterize the requirement for the functioning of agro-economic concepts, the material and technical basis of economic entities, as well as the corresponding organizational and economic elements. Thus, the research results show that food security plays a crucial role in maintaining and continuing human life in the world.

55-72 239
Abstract

The issue of compliance with the principles of organic production becomes relevant: the exclusion of the use of GMO products, their derivatives, chemically synthesized substances, dyes, preservatives, flavors, etc. additives are all to improve the population quality of life and health. The purpose: to assess the current state of the population quality of life and the organic products market, to establish a link between the quality of life and consumption of organic products. The main objectives: to reveal the conditions for the development of organic production in Kazakhstan; to establish the dependence of the level of public health quality on healthy organic products; to identify ways to improve the quality of food and meet the needs of Kazakhstan population in organic products. The object of the study is the organic products market of world's main producers. The subject is the impact of organic products on the population health. Research methods. The authors of the article used such methods as economic and statistical and graphical methods. Results. The study analyzes the dynamics of the quality of life index, the health index, trade turnover and producers of organic products. Conclusion. Based on the conducted research, it is necessary: to intensify work with the population to explain the benefits of organic products to maintain the physical health of each family member; to continue work on stimulating producers of organic products to enter a wide domestic and foreign market; to settle the issue of regulatory support for organic production (standardization, certification of products).

73-86 228
Abstract

In modern conditions, especially when the crisis has engulfed all countries, the problems of budgeting, their application in the development of a particular subject are more relevant than ever. The lack of a budget leads to wrong decisions and, along with it, wrong management in the development strategy of a company. And mistakes in a crisis are costly for an economist. The relevance of using a detailed budget, and on the basis of it, the implementation of operational control, the implementation of planned activities is beyond doubt. The relevance of research on budgeting management accounting, reflecting the technology of strategy development, is beyond doubt. Changes in technology cause changes in management. All this requires changes in the formation of accounting and information systems. At the same time, the role of the accountant is changing, he is involved in the process of developing a development strategy and maintenance of the track facilities. Thus, the information system is being formed, which is so necessary for the implementation of goals and success in the implementation of the management strategy. Fundamentals of management accounting and budgeting usually involve building a cost management system in an enterprise. In order to optimize the costs of the enterprise, management cannot be reduced to a simple reduction. It is also necessary to take appropriate steps to achieve a certain level of income, profit, and, if necessary, take appropriate measures. On a business-wide scale, this explains cost management activities at the level of each department: cost centers, revenue centers, profit centers, and so on.

87-101 708
Abstract

The national innovation system is the most important factor in achieving the competitive advantages of innovative business, provides access to the necessary resources, including financial ones, the need for which is most acute in the implementation of innovative projects. The article examines the functioning of the national innovation system, where the importance of innovation in the activities of modern enterprises is determined. The study analyzes the structure of the NIS, its functioning, and determines the activity of regional forms of the innovation system. The characteristic of the Institute for the development of methods of financing innovative developments is given. The role of ministries in financing R&D vertically and the National Agency for Technological Development and the DAMU Foundation vertically is established. They provide significant support to the development of the innovation system and increase the innovation activity of domestic enterprises. NIS infrastructure and development institutions generate and transform scientific knowledge into new technologies, products, services, as well as ensure their commercialization. The article notes that one of the main directions of state policy in the field of scientific, technical and innovative activities is the creation of specialized subjects of an innovative nature, such as technoparks, technological business incubators, technopolises, high-tech companies. The article also shows the characteristic disadvantages that are unfavorable for the development of innovation: the underdevelopment of links between university science and industry, the disconnection of the banking sector from lending to innovative processes, low innovation activity of private capital. Research methodology. The methodology is based on a comparative analysis, using the method of systematization, the method of statistical and economic analysis and synthesis, observation and collection of facts to determine the most effective ways to improve the competitiveness of the national innovation system. Based on the foregoing, we believe that business structures, sources of financing and government support directly affect the innovative development of the economy.



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ISSN 2958-7212 (Print)
ISSN 2958-7220 (Online)