Cyberbullying as a social problem among teenagers in Kazakhstan

   In today's digital world, cyberbullying and online aggression are serious problems that negatively affect young people and society as a whole. Online aggression, in particular cyberbullying, has a serious impact on the emotional state and social adaptation of young people.

   The purpose of the study is to determine the scale, forms and consequences of cyberbullying among schoolchildren in Kazakhstan, as well as to propose effective strategies for preventing and countering Internet aggression.

   The study used a theoretical analysis of scientific sources, a survey of schoolchildren (N = 164) and statistical data processing. Information was collected using an online survey involving students in grades 7-11. The results showed that 72 % of the respondents reported personal experiences with cyberbullying. The most common forms were insults (38 %), spreading false information (27%), threats and blackmail (20 %), as well as harassment (15 %). The main psychological consequences include emotional stress (48 %), decreased activity (33 %), and anxiety (19 %). The anonymity of the aggressors and the round-the-clock exposure increase the harm inflicted on the victims, which underlines the need for systematic work with the youth audience in the field of digital security. The value of this study lies in the fact that it complements the existing literature with new data and conclusions, which can serve as a basis for further research and practical applications in the fields of psychology, education and law. The results of the work are of practical importance, as they can be used to create educational programs and awareness-raising initiatives, as well as to develop recommendations on changes in legislation aimed at protecting users on the Internet.

1. Могунова М. М. Кибербуллинг как новая опасность // М. Қозыбаев атындағы СҚУ Хабаршысы. - 2021. - № 2(51). – С. 99-102.

2. Арора К.М. Измерение издевательств с помощью контрольного списка "Жизнь в школе" //Пастырская забота в образовании. – 1994. – № 12. – С. 11-15.

3. Бочавер А.А., Хломов К.Д. Кибербуллинг: травля в пространстве современных технологий // Психология. Журнал Высшей школы экономики. - 2021. - № 3. - 177-191 б.

4. Gaffney H., Farrington D.P. Cyberbullying in the United Kingdom and Ireland. 2022, Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-73263-3_5

5. Selkie E.M., Fales J.L., Moreno M.A. Cyberbullying Prevalence among US Middle and High School-Aged Adolescents : A Systematic Review and Quality Assessment // Journal of Adolescent Health. – 2021. - No. 58(2). – P. 125-133.

6. Aizenkot D. Cyberbullying in WhatsApp Classroom Groups among Children and Adolescents: Exposure and Victimization // The Eurasia Proceedings of Educational & Social Sciences. – 2023. – No. 10(1). – P. 1-10.

7. Chatzakou D., Kourtellis N., Blackburn J., De Cristofaro E., Stringhini G., Vakali A.Mean Birds: Detecting Aggression and Bullying on Twitter. – 2017. - Proceedings of the 2017 ACM on Web Science Conference. doi: 10.1145/3091478.3091487

8. Ferguson C.J. Evidence for publication bias in video game violence effects literature : A meta-analytic review// Aggression and Violent Behavior. – 2023. - № 12(4). – P. 470-482

9. Баранов А.А. Психологический анализ причин подросткового кибербуллинга // Вестник Удмуртского университета. – 2015. – № 21(1). – С. 37-41.

10. Kowalski R. M., Giumetti G. W., Schroder A. N., Lattaner M. R. Bullying in the Digital Age : A Critical Review and Meta-Analysis of Cyberbullying Research among // Youth. Psychological Bulletin. – 2014. – No. 140. – P. 1073-1137.

11. Kowalski R.M., Limber S.P. Psychological, Physical, and Academic Correlates of Cyberbullying and Traditional Bullying // Journal of Adolescent Health. – 2013. – No. 53. - S13-S20.

12. Қазақстанның экономикалық белсенді халқы үшін «Курсив» республикалық іскерлік апталығы // [Электронный ресурс]. – Режим доступа: https://kursiv.kz/news/obschestvo/2020-01/pochti-kazhdyy-pyatyy-kazakhstanskiy-podrostok-stanovitsya-zhertvoy-travli

13. Чвякин В.А. Социогенез агрессивных свойств личности подростка и их использование в профилактической деятельности полиции // Полицейская деятельность. – 2014. – № 1. – С. 55-68.

14. Heirman, W., Walrave, M. Cyberbullying: Predicting Victimisation and Perpetratio // Children & Society. – 2011. – No. 25. – P. 59-72.

15. Кодекс РК «Об административных правонарушениях» от 5 июля 2014 года № 235-V ЗРК. [Электронный ресурс]. – Режим доступа: https://adilet.zan.kz/rus/docs/K1400000235