qainarQainar Journal of Social ScienceQainar Journal of Social Science2958-72122958-7220Q University10.58732/2958-7212-2023-1-87-101qainar-56Research ArticleСтатьиПроблемы развития национальной инновационной системы Казахстана и повышение ее конкурентоспособностиProblems of the development of the national innovation system of Kazakhstan and increasing its competitivenesshttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2188-6280АбжалеловаШ. Р.AbzhalelovaSh. R.

м.э.н., доцент, заведующая кафедрой Экономики и бизнес

Алматы

Sholpan R. Abzhalelova, m.e.s., Associate Professor, Head of the Department of Economics and Business

Almaty

abzhalel.2004_1979@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8827-7922ЕрназароваУ. С.YernazarovaU. S.

м.э.н., старший преподаватель

Алматы

Urkhiya S. Yernazarova, m.e.s., Senior Lecturer

Almaty

urhia@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2188-6280ЧелекбайА. Д.ChelekbayA. D.

д.э.н., профессор

Алматы

Anoir D. Chelekbay, Doctor of Economics, Professor

Almaty

isamus@mail.ruАкадемия КайнарКазахстанKainar AcademyKazakhstan2023300320232187101Copyright © Абжалелова Ш.Р., Ерназарова У.С., Челекбай А.Д., 20232023Абжалелова Ш.Р., Ерназарова У.С., Челекбай А.Д.Abzhalelova S.R., Yernazarova U.S., Chelekbay A.D.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.journal-kainar.kz/jour/article/view/56

Национальная инновационная система является важнейшим фактором достижения конкурентных преимуществ инновационного бизнеса, обеспечивает доступ к необходимым ресурсам, в том числе финансовым, потребность в которых наиболее остро проявляется при реализации инновационных проектов. В статье рассматривается функционирование национальной инновационной системы, где определяется значение инноваций в деятельности современных предприятий. В исследовании проанализированы структура НИС, её функционирование, определена активность региональных форм инновационной системы. Дана характеристика институтом развития методов финансирования инновационных разработок. Установлена роль министерств в финансировании НИОКР по вертикали и Национального агентства по технологическому развитию и фонда «ДАМУ» - по вертикали. Они оказывают значительную поддержку развитию инновационной системы и повышению инновационной активности отечественных предприятий. Инфраструктура НИС и институты развития осуществляют генерацию и трансформацию научных знаний в новые технологии, продукты, услуги, а также обеспечивают их коммерциализацию. В статье отмечается, что одной из основных направлений государственной политики в сфере научно-технической и инновационной деятельности является создание специализированных субъектов инновационного характера, таких как технопарки, технологические бизнес-инкубаторы, технополисы, высокотехнологические компании. В статье также показываются характерные недостатки, неблагоприятные для развития инновации: неразвитость связей между вузовской наукой и промышленностью, отключенность банковского сектора от кредитования инновационных процессов, низкая инновационная активность частного капитала. Методология исследования. Методология основана на сравнительном анализе, с использованием метода систематизации, метода статистического и экономического анализа и синтеза, наблюдения и сбора фактов для определения наиболее эффективных способов позволяющих повысить конкурентоспособность национальной инновационной системы. Исходя из вышесказанного полагаем, что на инновационное развитие экономики прямым образом воздействуют бизнес-структуры, источники финансирования и государственная поддержка.

The national innovation system is the most important factor in achieving the competitive advantages of innovative business, provides access to the necessary resources, including financial ones, the need for which is most acute in the implementation of innovative projects. The article examines the functioning of the national innovation system, where the importance of innovation in the activities of modern enterprises is determined. The study analyzes the structure of the NIS, its functioning, and determines the activity of regional forms of the innovation system. The characteristic of the Institute for the development of methods of financing innovative developments is given. The role of ministries in financing R&D vertically and the National Agency for Technological Development and the DAMU Foundation vertically is established. They provide significant support to the development of the innovation system and increase the innovation activity of domestic enterprises. NIS infrastructure and development institutions generate and transform scientific knowledge into new technologies, products, services, as well as ensure their commercialization. The article notes that one of the main directions of state policy in the field of scientific, technical and innovative activities is the creation of specialized subjects of an innovative nature, such as technoparks, technological business incubators, technopolises, high-tech companies. The article also shows the characteristic disadvantages that are unfavorable for the development of innovation: the underdevelopment of links between university science and industry, the disconnection of the banking sector from lending to innovative processes, low innovation activity of private capital. Research methodology. The methodology is based on a comparative analysis, using the method of systematization, the method of statistical and economic analysis and synthesis, observation and collection of facts to determine the most effective ways to improve the competitiveness of the national innovation system. Based on the foregoing, we believe that business structures, sources of financing and government support directly affect the innovative development of the economy.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.