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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">qainar</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Qainar Journal of Social Science</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Qainar Journal of Social Science</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2958-7212</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2958-7220</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Q University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.58732/2958-7212-2026-1-6-24</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">qainar-515</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Дифференциация процессов цифровизации в отраслях экономической деятельности</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Differentiation of Digitization Processes in the Branches of Economic Activity</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5382-0024</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Муратова</surname><given-names>Р. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Muratova</surname><given-names>R. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.э.н.</p><p>Алматы </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Roza А. Muratova – Cand. Sc. (Econ.) </p><p>Almaty </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rose1950@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9971-2240</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зайтенова</surname><given-names>Н. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zaitenova</surname><given-names>N. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>PhD, ассоциированный профессор </p><p>Алматы </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nazym K. Zaitenova – PhD, Associate Professor </p><p>Almaty </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2188-6280</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Абжалелова</surname><given-names>Ш. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Abzhalelova</surname><given-names>Sh. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>PhD докторант </p><p>Алматы </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sholpan R. Abzhalelova– PhD student </p><p>Almaty </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rasholpan@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Q University<country>Казахстан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Q University<country>Kazakhstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Университет международного бизнеса им. К.Сагадиева<country>Казахстан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">University of International Business named after K. Sagadiyev<country>Kazakhstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day><month>04</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>5</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>6</fpage><lpage>24</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Муратова Р.А., Зайтенова Н.К., Абжалелова Ш.Р., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Муратова Р.А., Зайтенова Н.К., Абжалелова Ш.Р.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Muratova R.A., Zaitenova N.K., Abzhalelova S.R.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.journal-kainar.kz/jour/article/view/515">https://www.journal-kainar.kz/jour/article/view/515</self-uri><abstract><p>В условиях ускоряющейся цифровой трансформации экономики особую актуальность приобретает анализ межотраслевой дифференциации процессов цифровизации. Целью исследования провести анализ межотраслевой дифференциации процессов цифровизации в социально-экономической системе Казахстана и выявлении структурных ограничений цифровой трансформации реального сектора. Методологическую основу исследования составили методы сравнительного экономического анализа, структурной оценки и расчет относительных показателей цифровизации. В качестве исходных данных использованы официальные статистические материалы Бюро национальной статистики Республики Казахстан за 2022–2024 годы по 172 335 организациям различных видов экономической деятельности. Результаты анализа показали положительную динамику распространения цифровых технологий: количество организаций, использующих облачные вычисления, увеличилось на 45%, а применяющих анализ больших данных — на 39%. Доля крупных и средних предприятий обрабатывающей промышленности, внедряющих цифровые технологии, выросла с 12,9% до 19,2%. Вместе с тем только 5,45% организаций располагают штатными ИКТспециалистами, а средняя обеспеченность составляет 4,6 специалиста на организацию. Доля специалистов по информационной безопасности — 33% от общего числа ИКТ-кадров, при их крайне низкой представленности в системообразующих отраслях. Полученные результаты свидетельствуют о высокой отраслевой дифференциации цифрового развития и структурных ограничениях реального сектора экономики. В качестве перспективных направлений предлагаются: усиление инфраструктурной поддержки отраслей, расширение механизмов государственно-частного финансирования цифровых проектов, развитие корпоративных датацентров и модернизация подготовки ИКТ-кадров.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>In the context of accelerating digital transformation of the economy, the analysis of intersectoral differentiation of digitalization processes becomes increasingly relevant. The aim of the study is to analyze the intersectoral differentiation of digitalization processes within the socioeconomic system of Kazakhstan and to identify structural constraints hindering the digital transformation of the real sector. The methodological framework of the research is based on comparative economic analysis, structural assessment, and the calculation of relative digitalization indicators. The study relies on official statistical data from the Bureau of National Statistics of the Republic of Kazakhstan for 2022–2024, covering 172,335 organizations across various types of economic activity. The results demonstrate a positive trend in the diffusion of digital technologies: the number of organizations using cloud computing increased by 45%, while those applying big data analytics grew by 39%. The share of large and medium-sized manufacturing enterprises implementing digital technologies rose from 12.9% to 19.2%. At the same time, only 5.45% of organizations employ in-house ICT specialists, with an average of 4.6 specialists per organization. Specialists in information security account for 33% of total ICT personnel, though their presence remains extremely limited in system-forming industries. The findings indicate a high level of sectoral differentiation in digital development and structural constraints within the real sector of the economy. Priority directions include strengthening infrastructural support for industries, expanding public-private partnership mechanisms for financing digital projects, developing corporate data centers, and modernizing ICT workforce training systems.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>цифровизация</kwd><kwd>цифровая трансформация</kwd><kwd>социальная устойчивость</kwd><kwd>дифференциация</kwd><kwd>человеческий капитал</kwd><kwd>социальная безопасность</kwd><kwd>Казахстан</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Digitalization</kwd><kwd>Digital Transformation</kwd><kwd>Social Sustainability</kwd><kwd>Differentiation</kwd><kwd>Human capital</kwd><kwd>Social Security</kwd><kwd>Kazakhstan</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bureau of National Statistics. (2025). Bureau of National Statistics of the Republic of Kazakhstan. 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